- Tree peonies grow slow but can live for a very long time. Some plants in China may be more than 200 years old, according to the Iowa State University University Extension. Tree peonies easily live for decades and can reach approximately 5 feet in height and 5 feet in width, factors to take into consideration when deciding location. Plant tree peonies away from the roots of other shrubs and trees. The location also must provide dappled or afternoon shade, as too much sun damages the silky flowers. Once established, a tree peony should not be moved.
- Tree peonies available in garden stores are usually grafted. They must be planted deeply to help their own roots develop more rapidly and abundantly, according to Cornell Cooperative Extension. The extension advises planting the graft union at least 5 to 6 inches below ground level. Form a hollow in the soil around the plant if the plant is small. This helps to deliver water to the roots. Fill in the hollow with soil as the plant grows.
- Tree peonies need rich, slightly sweet, loose, well-draining soil. According to Cornell University Extension, peonies tolerate slightly acidic soil. If the soil pH is lower than 6.0, apply ground limestone but have the soil pH tested first before adding it. If tree peonies are properly planted, fertilizer will not be required for three to four years. In fact, too much fertilization makes peonies produce foliage instead of flowers. Cornell Cooperative Extension recommends replacing the soil in the bottom 1 foot of the planting hole with good loam soil mixed with bone meal or superphosphate (0-20-0). Add bone meal at a rate of 1 1/2 cups for each bushel of soil replaced in the hole. Add superphosphate at a rate of 1/2 cup per bushel of soil replaced in the bottom 12 inches of the hole.
- Never cut tree peonies back, as the next year's growth starts from the buds formed on the old wood. Only prune individual stems that are diseased. Collect and destroy diseased stems to prevent disease spread.
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